La dhimmitud otomana
Una de las ofertas culturales de 2×1 más ignominiosas de la actualidad es la que nos vende el mito de la tolerancia otomana como complemento indispensable del mito de la convivencia de las tres culturas en Alándalus. Refutando esa tolerancia otomana, el artículo Jihad in Europe: Past as Prologue? de Front Page nos repasa la mísera vita christianorum sub turca. Aquí van algunos detalles de esa tolerancia:
- Impedimentos al comercio. Afectaron especialmente a los bosnios, en cuyo territorio sólo el domingo era día de mercado para impedir les cumplieron el proyecto religioso. Estuvo en vigor hasta 1850 cuando el imperio otomano ya no disponía de los medios coactivos para imponerlo.
- Imposiciones humillantes a las personas: Los cristianos no podían utilizar silla de montar ni llevar armas. Debían llevar vestidos distintos que les identificaran como tales. Debían bajarse del caballo al cruzarse con un musulmán. También estuvieron ene vigor hasta mediados del siglo XIX.
- Dificultades a la práctica de otras religiones: Se quitaron las campanas de las iglesias. Sólo en 1860 se concedió permiso a una iglesia de Sarajevo para tocargas. Y se le obligó a empezar los toques suavemente, para que se acostumbran los delicados oídos musulmanes.
Esos son simples detalles, aquí van otras cuestiones más graves:
Conversiones forzosas
mass forced conversions were recorded during the caliphates of Selim I (1512-1520)…Selim II (1566-1574), and Murat III (1574-1595). On the occasion of some anniversary, such as the capture of a city, or a national holiday, many rayahs were forced to apostasize. On the day of the circumcision of Mohammed III great numbers of Christians (Albanians, Greeks, and Slavs) were forced to convert to Islam.
Condenas a muertes del clero:
the Ottoman Turks condemned to death eleven Ecumenical Patriarchs of Constantinople, nearly one hundred bishops, and several thousand priests, deacons, and minks. It is impossible to say with certainty how many men of the cloth were forced to apostasize.
El sistema del desvirme, rapto de niños cristianos para servir al sultán. Los turcos alegan que suponía para ellos muchos privilegios, lo que no cuadra con que hubiera que hacerlo a la fuerza:
It is obvious that the population strongly resented…this measure [and the levy] could be carried out only by force. Those who refused to surrender their sons- the healthiest, the handsomest and the most intelligent- were on the spot put to death by hanging. Nevertheless we have examples of armed resistance. In 1565 a revolt took place in Epirus and Albania. The inhabitants killed the recruiting officers and the revolt was put down only after the sultan sent five hundred janissaries in support of the local sanjak-bey. We are better informed, thanks to the historic archives of Yerroia, about the uprising in Naousa in 1705…Some of [the rebels] were later arrested and put to death..
Since there was no possibility of escaping [the levy] the population resorted to several subterfuges. Some left their villages and fled to certain cities that enjoyed exemption from the child levy or migrated to Venetian-held territories. The result was a depopulation of the countryside. Others had their children marry at an early age… Nicephorus Angelus…states that at times the children ran away on their own initiative, but when they heard that the authorities had arrested their parents and were torturing them to death, returned and gave themselves up. La Giulletiere cites the case of a young Athenian who returned from hiding in order to save his father’s life and then chose to die himself rather than abjure his faith. According to the evidence in Turkish sources, some parents even succeeded in abducting their children after they had been recruited. The most successful way of escaping recruitment was through bribery. That the latter was very widespread is evident from the large amounts of money confiscated by the sultan from corrupt…officials. Finally, in their desperation the parents even appealed to the Pope and the Western powers for help.
El fin, si lo queréis leer enteró aquí está: Jihad in Europe: Past as Prologue?
